Surgical solution of the extensive post-radiation defect developped 33 years after radiotherapy for breast carcinoma − case report

Abstract

Introduction: Damage of the skin and its underlying structures is a common side effect of radiotherapy. These conditions limit further treatment and dealing with these complications is a routine practice of clinical oncologist. The majority of the complications are immediate, with a perspective of healing ad integrum within a few weeks. Less frequently, but sometimes with severe manifestations, chronic toxicity occurs belatedly after months, or even many years after irradiation, in form of post-radiation ulcer, for instance with potential of secondary malignant transformation. Regarding surgery, it might be one of the most challenging chronic wounds to treat. In extreme cases, extensive resection of the entire affected area is needed, inevitably ending with demanding reconstruction of the resulting defect.
Case report: This case report presents a female patient with rapidly progressive post-radiation chest wall defect 33 years after the irradiation, when relatively insignificant skin injury occured. Prior to this sudden deterioration, only long-term, non-progressive changes, without a cutaneous defect, were described during the dispensarisation. After a protracted outpatient treatment with unsatisfactory results, when the patient repeatedly refused mastectomy, the condition inevitably led to the complex surgical procedure with necessary cooperation of breast, plastic and thoracic surgeons.
Conclusion: Although changes of the similar severity rarely occur even after many years following the treatment, we haven‘t found such a dramatic change of the patient’s condition three decades after the therapy with urgency of this type of complex, surgical intervention in current literature.